الوظيفة الإفهامية للغة في الخطبة الفَدَكية الكبرى للسيدة فاطمة الزهراء (عليها السلام)

Abstract

The purpose of the emergence and development of every language is to communicate and achieve understanding and intelligibility, through which speakers express their material and emotional needs towards each other. This understanding (communication) is only achieved through the presence of a sender, an addressee (receiver), a message, and a channel of communication. From the aforementioned, linguists and linguists, including Karl Buhler, Malinowski, Britton, Halliday, and others, have concluded that there are functions of language, the most famous of whom is the Russian linguist Roman Jakobson. In the art of public speaking, especially the great Fadak sermon of Lady Fatima al-Zahra (peace be upon her), the intelligible function - with its orientation towards the addressee - dominated the rest of Yakobson’s six linguistic functions, without neglecting the roles of the rest of the functions that carry out secondary tasks in the text of the sermon, and the intelligible function was represented by In the sermon, the methods of calling, commanding, prohibiting, and attaching to the pronouns of the addressees.