Tasnim International Journal for Human, Social and Legal Sciences

Women As a Thing in Shakespearean Drama: Analytical Study

2025-12-31T17:40:47+00:00

The study explores how Shakespeare portrayed women as objects by using the explanations about ‘things’ from Slavoj Žižek’s feminist perspective. Through qualitative analysis and critical discourse methods, the researcher examines main female figures in Hamlet, Othello, Macbeth, A Midnight’s Summer and Antonio and Cleopatra. A major issue is that women are treated like objects and portrayed as satisfying male desires or copying how society expects them to act which helps to support patriarchal ideology. The study brings out how, according to Žižek, his idea of the ‘thing’ helps to explain the many layers of how women are portrayed. Through their exceptional talent for depicting human behaviour, Lady Macbeth, Ophelia, Gertrude, Desdemona and Emilia illustrate women's status in a male-dominated society. These female characters, with their depth and complexity, surpass the constraints of their era, making their stories timeless. The objectification of this raises tragic results, ranging from betrayal to loss of identity. His female characters, while often shown as passive, also move against and flip typical feminine roles, exposing extra psychological difficulties for both, but especially for the women. Conclusively, the research reveals more detail about women’s roles in Shakespeare’s plays, noting they are shown as more than simple objects in the story. It actually reflects wider society’s concerns about being feminine and in charge. Positioning Shakespeare’s dramas alongside Žižek’s theory encourages new methods of exploring issues at the crossroads of gender, desire and ideology in early modern writing, as well as their continuing importance in current thought.

Response Particles (Balā, Naʿam, Ī) in the Holy Qur’an: A Semantic Study

2026-01-06T14:42:05+00:00

If we ponder the letters of response in the Holy Quran, we find them scattered in many surahs. The ancients and moderns have dealt with them in the chapters of language and grammar and books of the meanings of grammar and readings. They are many in the language, as they counted them and found them (eleven letters) , which are: (Kala, Bala, Na’am, Ay, Idhan, La, In, Ajl, Bijl, Jalal, Jir) , and only five letters are mentioned in the Quran, which are: (Kala, Bala, Na’am, Ay, Idhan) , and because the research is limited to a number of pages, I have selected three letters from them: (Bala, Na’am, Ay) ; because of the relationship of similarity and difference in their linguistic and contextual meanings in which they appeared, and to reach knowledge of the variation in their meanings and methods of use in the Quranic contexts in which they appeared.

E-learning and the effectiveness of using educational technology to rehabilitate people with disabilities in Iraq

2026-01-01T17:50:43+00:00

The motivation for conducting the current- research is to shed light on the effectiveness of e-learning and the use of educational technology to rehabilitate people with disabilities in Iraq. From this perspective, attention is given to this marginalized group (people with disabilities) in Iraqi society, and how to rehabilitate them physically, psychologically, mentally, and professionally, and to integrate them into society and the labour market to some extent. That is achieved through the development and implementation of effective electronic information systems and educational technology within these systems. This enables the importance of these electronic systems not only in the realm of education, but also in monitoring students and enhancing their diverse and varied abilities in several aspects. Educational technology facilitates. educational process based on the principle of monitoring and monitoring students, empowering them to accomplish tasks. the researcher decided to shed light through current scientific research and enhance the scientific library with such research. The study concluded with an attempt to solve many of the problems facing people with disabilities in Iraq in particular, through state sponsorship of the development of an electronic system, an emphasis on educational technology, and the introduction of educational systems capable of rehabilitating this group, leveraging their capabilities to build society, removing injustice from them, and integrating them positively into society to that they are not a burden on it.

Dorian Gray’s Psyche : A Study in Aesthetics, Narcissism, and The Impact of Society

2025-12-31T17:53:25+00:00

Oscar Wilde’s The Picture of Dorian Gray delves deeply into themes of aestheticism, influence, and the complexities of the human psyche. This article explores the powerful yet destructive role Lord Henry Wotton plays in shaping Dorian Gray’s journey, steering him toward a life of vanity and moral decay. Lord Henry, a character who embodies Wilde’s provocative hedonistic ideals, acts as both a mentor and a manipulator, introducing Dorian to a philosophy that ultimately leads to his ruin. The discussion also highlights the homoerotic undertones in the relationships central to the story, along with the psychological fragilities that make Dorian so susceptible to external pressures. Wilde’s novel serves as a sharp critique of Victorian values while offering a timeless warning about the dangers of unrestrained indulgence and society’s obsession with youth and beauty.

Emotional Creativity and Its Relationship to Decision-Making Quality among University Students

2026-01-06T16:34:33+00:00

The present study aims to achieve the following objectives: 1. To measure emotional creativity among university students. 2. To identify differences in emotional creativity among university students according to the variables of gender (male–female) and academic specialization (scientific–humanities). 3. To measure the quality of decision-making among university students. 4. To identify differences in decision-making quality among university students according to the variables of gender (male–female) and academic specialization (scientific–humanities). 5. To examine the nature of the relationship between emotional creativity and decision-making quality among university students. 6. To identify differences in the nature of the relationship between emotional creativity and decision-making quality according to the variables of gender (male–female) and specialization (humanities–scientific). The study population was defined as university students from the first to the fourth academic year at Baghdad universities during the 2024–2025 academic year. To achieve the research objectives, the researcher relied on the following procedures: 1. Developing a scale to measure emotional creativity among university students based on relevant literature and theoretical frameworks. In its final form, after establishing validity, reliability, and discriminative power, the scale consisted of 32 items distributed across four domains: flexibility, originality, novelty, and effectiveness. 2. Developing a scale to measure decision-making quality, which consisted of 20 items. Statistical analysis of the scale items indicated that they possessed statistically significant discriminative power at the 0.05 level. The psychometric properties (validity and reliability) of both scales were established. To accomplish these objectives, the two scales were administered to a sample of 200 male and female students at the University of Baghdad during the 2024–2025 academic year. The data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) and Microsoft Excel. The results indicated that university students across both scientific and humanities disciplines possess a high level of emotional creativity. Statistically significant differences in emotional creativity were found according to gender and specialization, in favor of males and students in the humanities. In addition, students in both scientific and humanities fields demonstrated a good level of decision-making ability. Based on these findings, the study concluded with a number of practical recommendations and proposals.

The Analytical Approach in Contemporary Thought: Selected Models

2026-01-05T15:09:29+00:00

Analyticism emerged as a reaction against idealism in general and against the Hegelian trend in particular. The most famous person who expressed the analytical method is (Bertrand Russell) . The main goal of the analytical method is to reduce linguistic vocabulary, as well as to reduce the number of beings in the world, meaning that we should not multiply the number of things if there is no need for that, and we should not use words without necessity for them, meaning that there must be transparency and simplicity in the content of speech to reduce errors. The goal of analysis is to reach clear facts. Philosophy is research and thinking that always seeks to understand the mysterious in reality and reveal the nature of the truth. Therefore, Russell defended the analytical methodology, which is that analysis achieves accuracy and clarity as well as an increase in knowledge. Analysis reveals new knowledge and facts in philosophy

Climate Change Anxiety among Final-Year University Students

2026-01-01T17:02:11+00:00

Climate change represents a topic of interest across several disciplines, due to its importance to individuals, groups, and societies. This is due to its devastating and dangerous effects on the future of humanity, threatening a livable environment and diminishing the resources necessary for life. This raises concerns on several levels: official, scientific, and personal. In the field of psychology, a specialized branch called climate change psychology has emerged, focusing, among other topics, on the anxiety caused by climate change. This branch aims to understand people's motivations for its spread, its consequences, and the possibility of harnessing it to motivate them to transform it into a positive force, represented by practicing positive environmental behaviors that help mitigate the acceleration of climate change, adopt clean energy sources, and limit gas emissions and the phenomenon of global warming. The current research aims to identify the prevalence of climate change anxiety among university seniors, and whether there are differences attributed to gender and academic specialization. To achieve the research objectives, the researcher, after reviewing the literature on the subject, constructed a valid and reliable climate change anxiety measurement tool and applied it to a sample of male and female seniors from the scientific and humanities majors at Al-Qadisiyah University. After statistically analyzing the responses of the sample members, the results showed low levels of climate change anxiety among them, and the superiority of females over males, and students of scientific majors over students of scientific majors, with statistical significance in climate change anxiety. After interpreting the research results and comparing them with the results of other studies, the researcher presented some conclusions and proposed relevant recommendations and proposals.

Elaboration in the Prophetic Literary Hadiths in Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī: A Rhetorical Study

2025-08-30T19:06:15+00:00

This research seeks to investigate the aesthetics of the rhetorical treatment of pedantry in selected hadiths from the Prophet's literature in Sahih al-Bukhari, as a rhetorical model rich in rhetorical connotations. The Prophet's hadiths included various rhetorical styles as they are an expressive structure with artistic connotations. The study revealed the diversity of rhetorical styles associated with the mention of pedantry in these hadiths in terms of their artistic impact, aesthetic dimension, and pictorial function within the Prophet's context, which clarifies the multiplicity of rhetorical levels in the Prophet's text. The method followed in this study is an analytical inductive method based on selected hadiths from Sahih al-Bukhari that are included within the framework of Prophetic literature. The study addressed the subject from several aspects, starting with pedantry from language to terminology, pedantry between analogy and hearing, pedantry in Prophetic literature in the context of proverbs, and pedantry in Prophetic literature in the context of interpretation.

Intentionality in the Supplications of Nahj al-Balagha: A Study in the Light of Text Linguistics

2025-12-31T14:23:18+00:00

This study analyzes the intentional structure in the supplications of Imam Ali (peace be upon him) found in Nahj al-Balagha, in light of textual linguistics and within the theoretical framework provided by De Beaugrande and Dressler’s model of textuality standards, with a focus on the standard of intentionality. The study aims to uncover the mechanisms of intentional structuring in these supplications by employing tools from pragmatic linguistics, such as Grice’s Cooperative Principle, Jakobson’s functions of language, and the communicative dimension of cognitive pragmatics as presented by van Dijk. The research is divided into three main sections: the first outlines the theoretical framework of intentionality, defining it as a central component in the realization and effectiveness of a text, and reviews key Western and Arab linguistic efforts that have shaped this concept. The second section is dedicated to the analysis of selected examples of Imam Ali’s supplications—such as the supplication for forgiveness and intimate confessions—from a textual linguistic perspective, showing that these texts go beyond devotional function and are grounded in deep reformative, educational, and critical intentionalities. The third section discusses the relationship between intentionality and reception contexts, emphasizing the interactive nature of the supplicatory text and its capacity to foster spiritual and cognitive communication with the recipient. The findings reveal that the supplications in Nahj al-Balagha are consciously intentional texts governed by pragmatic references. They demonstrate an intertwining of religious expression and rhetorical-communicative depth. These texts represent a complex pragmatic discourse that interacts with the cultural and social context and activates moral and pedagogical intentions as integral components of the supplication's fabric. Accordingly, this study opens new horizons for reading the Arab-Islamic heritage from a textual-linguistic perspective, restoring the significance of intentionality in religious discourse beyond superficial traditional interpretations.

The Role of Total Quality Management in Enhancing Employees’ Performance Efficiency: A Field Study at the Al-Alawi Complex of the Imam Ali Holy Shrine

2025-12-31T14:32:02+00:00

This study aims to explore the role of Total Quality Management (TQM) in enhancing the efficiency of employee performance within organizations. It investigates the relationship between the core principles of TQM—such as continuous improvement, participation in decision-making, and performance evaluation—and the level of employee productivity and performance quality. The research employed a descriptive analytical methodology, using a questionnaire as the main tool for data collection from a selected sample of employees within the organization (to be specified if applicable). The data were analyzed using the SPSS software. The results revealed a strong positive correlation between the implementation of TQM practices and improved employee efficiency. It also showed that factors like fair performance evaluation, a motivating work environment, and employee empowerment play a crucial role in enhancing employee effectiveness. The study recommends expanding the application of TQM concepts and fostering a culture of quality among employees. It emphasizes the importance of accountability and transparency in performance evaluation as key drivers in achieving organizational goals and improving overall performance.

الكفاءة الذاتية المدركة لدى طلبة الدراسات العليا

2025-12-31T14:40:57+00:00

The. currently research aims to trifae: 1. Perceived self-efficacy amidst graduate students. The research sample was determined from (400) male and female postgraduate students)Masters – PhD ((males - females) at Al-Qadisiyah University, who University؛ They were selected us with a proportinal approach. Regarding the research tool, the researcher built a tool to measure the variable of perceived self-efficacy based on the theory of) Bandura: 1997) The scale consisted of) 36) paragraphs after extracting the psychometric properties؛ a researcher adopted the descriptive approach. The researcher concluded that the research sample enjoys perceived self-efficacy. Based on what the research results showed, the researchers, presented, a seti of recommendationss and suggestion's.

العمل الانفعالي وعلاقته بالأداء العلمي لدى معلمي الجامعة

2025-12-31T15:16:37+00:00

The research is based on the theory of emotional events and explores the relationship between emotional labor and the performance of university professors. Relevant data were obtained through a questionnaire. The research objectives are: - To identify emotional labor among university professors, their job performance, and their relationship to emotional labor and job performance. The research sample consists of (100) professors. The research reached the following results: There is a good level of emotional labor among university professors, a good level of job performance among university professors, and a statistically significant relationship between emotional labor and its relationship to job performance among university professors.

Offensive Performance and Its Relationship to Selected Physiological Variables among Youth Handball Players

2025-12-31T15:25:54+00:00

The nature of all performance requirements for handball skills, including offensive skills, is linked to a wide range of variables. These variables must be compatible with the players' abilities, which are linked to physiological variables that force players to face different situations in play. These variables contribute to addressing the most important problems they encounter in play. The more these variables are present, the easier it is for a player to perform and compete at a high level. The importance of this research stems from the researchers' attempt to understand the offensive performance and some physiological variables of young handball players and to understand the relationship between them. This is an attempt by the researchers to develop tests for coaches to assist them in the training process, in order to select their players according to these tests. Although offensive performance is linked to skill and tactical aspects, it is greatly influenced by the physiological state of the players. Hence, the need to study the relationship between offensive performance and some physiological variables in young handball players emerges, in order to gain a deeper understanding of the influencing factors and achieve systematic development in training. The most important objectives are to determine the relationship between offensive performance and some physiological variables in young handball players. Survey and correlational studies, which are among the most important methods of the descriptive approach, were used. The application sample included (48) players, representing (50%), and (10) survey players, representing (10.42%). The most important conclusions are the existence of a correlation between offensive performance and some physiological variables in young handball players. The most important recommendations are to benefit from these tests and apply them to handball players and samples in other categories. Tests of offensive performance and some physiological variables were made available to coaches of the Iraqi Central Handball Federation and researchers to accurately test their samples.

The Attitude of Kindergarten Teachers Toward Implementing Active Learning Strategies within the Interactive Unit Curriculum

2025-08-16T13:14:05+00:00

The philosophy of active learning is regarded as one of the fundamental strategies that must be adopted in the current era. It marks a shift from traditional methods based on memorization and rote learning to an approach where the learner becomes the focal point of the educational process. Accordingly, the present research aims to explore the attitudes of kindergarten teachers toward active learning strategies within the Interactive Experience Unit curriculum, and to examine the influence of academic specialization and years of service on these attitudes. The descriptive-analytical method was employed to collect data from a sample of kindergarten teachers. The objectives of the research were to: Identify the attitudes of kindergarten teachers toward the application of active learning. Examine the implementation of active learning in relation to the variables of academic qualification and years of service. To achieve these aims, the researcher developed an active learning scale grounded in relevant theoretical frameworks and previous studies. A questionnaire was administered to a sample of 100 teachers from the Al-Karkh Second Directorate. The instrument was designed to assess the degree of acceptance and practical application of active learning principles in classroom settings. After validating the scale through psychometric procedures—including item discrimination, content validity, and reliability analysis using Cronbach’s alpha—the findings revealed that teachers hold positive attitudes toward active learning. They highlighted its significance in fostering children’s thinking skills, boosting motivation, and enhancing classroom interaction. Furthermore, the results indicated no statistically significant differences in teachers’ attitudes based on either academic specialization or years of teaching experience. This suggests that the preference for active learning reflects a shared pedagogical conviction among teachers, independent of their field or length of service. The study concluded with a set of recommendations and proposals for further development in this area.

Double Standards in the Application of International Humanitarian Law: A Case Study of Gaza and Ukraine

2025-12-31T15:38:11+00:00

This study addresses the issue of double standards in the application of international humanitarian law (IHL) through a comparative analysis of the conflicts in Gaza and Ukraine. Although IHL was established to protect civilians and ensure neutrality during armed conflicts, its enforcement has shown significant inconsistencies shaped by political and geopolitical interests rather than strict legal obligations. The research outlines the theoretical framework of IHL principles—distinction, proportionality, necessity, and humanity—before presenting the historical contexts of both conflicts. A comparative analysis reveals stark disparities in international accountability mechanisms, media coverage, and legal responses. The findings demonstrate that while Ukraine received robust international support and accountability measures, similar violations in Gaza were met with limited or muted responses, undermining the neutrality and credibility of IHL. The study concludes that such double standards weaken the legitimacy of international law, perpetuate impunity, and generate severe humanitarian consequences, including high civilian casualties, mass displacement, and the collapse of infrastructure, particularly in Gaza. The research recommends strengthening international accountability mechanisms, ensuring uniform application of IHL standards, increasing support for humanitarian organizations, and promoting impartial media coverage. These steps are essential to safeguard civilians, uphold the integrity of IHL, and prevent selective justice in future conflicts.

The Role of the Hidden Curriculum in Teaching the Arabic Language to Secondary School Students

2025-12-31T15:45:37+00:00

The current study aimed to explore the role of the hidden curriculum in teaching the Arabic language to preparatory stage students. The study adopted a descriptive survey method and utilized a questionnaire as the primary data collection tool. The instrument was administered to a purposefully selected sample of 95 male and female students during the second semester of the academic year 2024/2025. Frequencies, percentages, means, and standard deviations were calculated. The study reached several key findings, the most important of which are: The school environment and its activities play an effective role in shaping students’ cognitive, moral, and practical skills. The frequent use of Modern Standard Arabic by teachers positively influences the development of basic Arabic language skills. Engaging students in literary activities—such as organizing story-writing workshops and holding speech and poetry forums—strengthens their attachment to the Arabic language. Employing modern learning strategies in Arabic instruction enhances social values, supports speaking and listening skills, encourages openness to others’ opinions, and promotes peer collaboration. The study concluded with a number of recommendations based on the results obtained.

Artificial Intelligence and Its Role in Educational Development: Toward More Personalized and Efficient Education

2025-12-31T16:00:12+00:00

This study aims to explore the relationship between artificial intelligence (AI) and educational development by examining the fundamental concepts, practical applications, and challenges associated with integrating this advanced technology into educational contexts. The research focuses on identifying the theoretical frameworks of AI and its application areas in enhancing the quality of education, such as adaptive learning, intelligent assessment, digital assistants, and educational data analytics, with a particular focus on the Arab world's experience in this domain. The study highlights how the AI revolution has contributed to transforming the educational environment by supporting researchers, personalizing learning experiences, and providing flexible and inclusive educational opportunities. It further discusses the positive impacts of AI in education, including improved interaction, time efficiency, and enhanced learning outcomes. Conversely, it addresses potential negative consequences of unregulated AI use, such as algorithmic bias, reduced human interaction, and the widening digital divide. Moreover, the research sheds light on future challenges facing the integration of AI in educational systems, including scientific, ethical, pedagogical, and social challenges. It offers recommendations aimed at promoting the safe, effective, and equitable use of AI within a sustainable educational environment. The study concludes that the successful implementation of AI in education requires an integrated approach encompassing robust digital infrastructure, continuous professional development, appropriate legislation, and a clear educational vision.

Self-transcendent Emotions For doctors

2025-12-31T16:06:59+00:00

The current study aims to identify self-transcending emotions For doctors and to determine the significance of statistical differences in self-transcending emotions For doctors according to Sex (male - female), marital status (single - married), and length of service (5 years or less - more than 5 years).To achieve these two goals, the researchers selected a sample of (420) male and female doctors for the year (2024-2025). The researchers constructed a scale of self-transcendent emotions based on the theory of (Reed, 2009). The researchers also conducted a statistical analysis of the items and verified the psychometric properties (validity and reliability). The results of the current study concluded that doctors possess self-transcendent emotions. The results also indicated that the differences in self-transcendent emotions according to the variables of Sex (male - female), marital status (single - married), and length of service (less than 5 years - 5 years - more than 5 years) were not statistically significant.

The Poetry of Ibn Baqī al-Andalusī: A Study in the Light of Reception Theory

2025-12-31T16:36:30+00:00

Literary criticism witnessed in its course the emergence of new critical approaches, whose trends differed in terms of focusing on one of the axes of the literary work (the author, the text, the recipient) without the other two poles. The interest in the author was in light of the contextual approaches, which glorified the external factors and made them the reference and destination in the literary work, and the systemic approaches came and focused on the text itself and made it the focus of the creative process. These two trends neglected the third axis of the creative process, which is the recipient of the literary work. The function of a literary text cannot be completed without the process of reception. Although the creator of this text - whether a poet or a prose writer - can produce his text freed from a specific and tangible presence of the recipient, the creator cannot get rid of the domination of this recipient over him. From here came theories that focused on (the recipient) in an attempt to highlight the fundamental role that he plays in the process of constructing meaning. The most prominent of these theories is the “Reception Theory” in its German edition by “Hans Robert Jauss” and “Wolfgang Iser.”

ضياع الهوية وإشكالية الذات في (رواية خزامى) لسنان انطون

2025-12-31T16:26:10+00:00

تهدف الدراسة الى تسليط الضوء على ثيمة تشظي الهوية في الرواية، فالروائي يسعى الى تصدير محنة الفرد العراقي المغترب والذي همشت شخصيته من الداخل وانتجت شخصية مشوهة مأزومة نفسيا، فالفرد العراقي تعرض لحروب وانتقال من واقع، ونظام الى نظام آخر كل هذه التحولات أثرت بالشخصية الواقعية كما رسمها لنا الكاتب، اذ تحدث عن شخصيتين هما سامي، وعمر اللذان تعرضا لألم نفسي وأحدهما لالم نفسي وجسدي مما دفعهما الى الهجرة التي بدورها أسست للهوية مشتتة منشطرة ضائعة. سنتكلم في هذا البحث عن المكان (الوطن) الذي يتماهى بدوره مع الشخصيات، وكذلك نجد في الرواية حديث عن اللغة وعن الذاكرة

Refuting the Alleged Innovation of Verbal and Semantic Distortion in the Holy Qur’an

2025-12-31T16:43:01+00:00

The discussion on the subject of Quranic distortion revolves around what is customary in Quranic studies books, detailing its sections and highlighting its meaning in order to remove any doubts that may arise in some people. Otherwise, we believe that the Quran in the hands of Muslims now, the book they read and circulate, is the same book that was revealed to the noble Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him and his family). It is a Quran free from any deficiency or addition, free from distortion and error. The Quran did not use the word distortion in a sense other than its linguistic meaning, i.e., manipulating the meaning of a word and interpreting it in a way other than its intended meaning, expressed by misinterpretation or interpretation based on opinion. It is a semantic distortion and nothing else. We have previously discussed the Almighty’s statement: {They distort words from their [proper] usages} [An-Nisa’: 46]. His statement {from their [proper] usages} means that after the words were used in their true meaning, which appears in themselves or was used in them based on the usual indications, then distortion came after that as a betrayal of the trust of performance and communication. In the Almighty's statement, {from their proper places} [Al-Ma'idah: 41], this meaning is explicitly stated, as distortion is the displacement of a word from its proper place, which is its intended meaning. In Surah Al-Baqarah, {And indeed, a party among them used to listen to the Word of Allah and then distort it after they had understood it} [Al-Baqarah: 75], meaning: the distortion of the meaning to what they intended came after they had learned the true intended meaning, which, according to their claim, was contrary to their interests. Therefore, it is a form of misinterpretation, as Al-Tabarsi and before him Sheikh Al-Tibyan expressed.

An Investigation into Iraqi EFL University Students’ Difficulties in Writing English Compositions

2025-12-31T17:14:06+00:00

This research examined the challenges encountered by Iraqi EFL students in composing written texts in English. The objective was to pinpoint the particular aspects where Iraqi EFL students experience difficulties, including grammar, vocabulary, organization, and content development. A mixed-methods approach was adopted for this study, incorporating both quantitative and qualitative data collection methods. Written compositions from a cohort of 42 Iraqi EFL university students at the College of Education, AL-Shatrah University were subjected to error analysis and thematic evaluation. Furthermore, questionnaires and interviews were administered to collect insights regarding students' views on their writing challenges and the underlying factors that contribute to these issues. The research indicates that Iraqi EFL students face various challenges, such as incorrect grammar application, restricted vocabulary, inadequate organization of their thoughts, and struggles in producing and elaborating coherent content. Additionally, the study investigated the possible reasons behind these challenges, taking into account factors like the influence of the students' first language, lack of writing practice, minimal exposure to English, and insufficient teaching of writing techniques. The findings underscore the necessity for focused interventions and teaching methods to tackle the particular writing challenges faced by Iraqi EFL students, with the goal of enhancing their writing skills and overall communicative effectiveness.

Les visages masqués entre réalité et illusion

2025-12-31T17:33:28+00:00

Cette recherche examine l'utilisation du masque dans la littérature pour représenter les failles et les échecs de la société. Elle examine les dimensions psychologiques, littéraires et philosophiques du port du masque, en se concentrant sur des motivations telles que l'ambiguïté morale et l'acceptabilité sociale. Le masque est utilisé pour illustrer les conflits entre apparence et vérité dans des œuvres comme Docteur Jekyll, M. Hyde et Hamlet. L'étude conclut que le masque offre une protection temporaire, mais peut devenir une prison, dissimulant la véritable identité et alimentant les illusions. Le retour à soi et à ses intentions est un voyage courageux.