Tasnim International Journal for Human, Social and Legal Sciences

الاسلوب الفني في تكوينات خط الثلث مصطفى راقم انموذجا

ولاء خضير طه العوادي — 2025-09-15

The research contributes to knowing the features of the artistic style that characterized the calligrapher Mustafa Raqim in the formations of the Thuluth line and try to benefit from them, such as research procedures, which included his community on the linear paintings embodying the cases of artistic style within them, has included the formations of Mustafa Raqim almost reached the number of the community (30) panel has selected researchers from them (3) models, a percentage representing (10%) of the original community and intentionally, according to what the researchers followed in his analysis on the descriptive approach (content analysis) adopted tool Analysis of the analysis form, which included main and sub-paragraphs represented the pillars adopted in the analysis of his samples and designed according to the outcome of the information and what came out of the indicators represented the directions of the research, it was presented to a group of experts specialized to modify its paragraphs and indicate their suitability to the subject of the research and the researchers reached several results, including: Where represented his own method in the composition of the line Thuluth ordinary, which represents the writings line sequential words, with readability, which write patches and Qur'ans, and supplications There is a clear Thuluth style, which is illustrated through paintings, in which there is a difference in the joints of letters

العنف الأسري ودوره في تنمية ميول الارهاب نحو الابناء

عبير مصطفى الأسمر — 2025-09-15

The subject of the research deals with a serious problem, which is the phenomenon of domestic violence, which plays a major role in the development of terrorist tendencies, especially among children. The aim of the research was to uncover domestic violence and its relationship to some psychosocial problems in children (childhood), and the importance of this research appears in identifying a few Theoretical approaches, and the researcher’s attempt to benefit from the theoretical heritage in (almost) everything written about domestic violence. The researcher concluded, with the descriptive approach, that there are many factors that lead to the phenomenon of violence against children, the most important of which are: - Social upbringing based on tolerance, friendliness and national fusion inside and outside the family. A clear correlation between domestic violence and children’s abnormal behavior. The emergence of physical violence, both physical and moral, and their resulting negative effects on the personality of children.

مفهوم العقاب الالهي في القران الكريم (دراسة تحليلية وتفسيرية)

حيدر خزعل فهد عكاب — 2025-09-15

This research aims to study the concept of divine punishment in the Holy Quran through an analytical and interpretive approach that combines linguistic, legal and objective understanding of Quranic verses related to punishment. The research deals with the types of divine punishment, its causes and objectives, with a focus on the educational, social and spiritual dimensions of punishment within the framework of Islamic law. The research presents the different classifications of punishment, including worldly and otherworldly punishment, individual and collective punishment, with an analysis of Quranic examples for each type. The research also reviews the concept of divine justice and the balance of mercy and punishment, and how to achieve a balance between intimidation and encouragement in Quranic discourse. Through the interpretive study, the research relies on the opinions of ancient and contemporary interpreters, with a focus on the purposes of punishment and its impact on correcting human behavior and controlling societies. The research also discusses the issue of repentance and forgiveness and their role in avoiding or mitigating punishment. The research concludes that divine punishment in the Holy Quran is not merely a punishment for sins, but rather a divine means to reform individuals and societies and achieve divine justice, and reflects God’s mercy and wisdom in managing the affairs of creation

دلالات الالفاظ المشتركة في القرآن وأثرها في تعدد التفسيرات

فاطمة علي عبد — 2025-09-15

This Praise be to Allah, Lord of the worlds, and may the blessings and peace of Allah be upon the trustworthy Prophet, our Master Muhammad, and all his family. This study addresses the phenomenon of polysemous (ambiguous) words in the Qur’anic text, focusing on their linguistic nature and their impact on the diversity of interpretations. It is well known that the fields of Arabic linguistics are closely linked to Qur’anic studies, as the Noble Qur’an was revealed in clear Arabic, and the relationship between it and the Arabic language is deeply intertwined and inseparable. One of the linguistic topics relevant to the interpretation of the Book of Allah is that of polysemous words—so what is meant by polysemy? What is the stance toward it regarding the interpretation of the Noble Qur’an? And what are some examples from the Qur’an? The study adopts a semantic-analytical approach, which involves identifying words that carry two or more meanings and analyzing them according to the Qur’anic context in which they appear. Such words pose a challenge in determining the intended meaning in the contexts they occur in, thus opening the door wide for research, investigation, and analysis of these words.

فجوات الهوية الشخصية لدى طلبة المرحلة الاعدادية

حسام محمد منشد — 2025-09-15

The current research aims to identify personal identity gaps among middle school students. The research sample consisted of (500) male and female students, who were randomly selected using proportional distribution. To achieve this goal, a personal identity gap scale was constructed based on Hecht's (2005) theory. The final version consisted of (23) items. The psychometric properties of the scale were extracted, including validity and reliability, and appropriate statistical methods were used to extract the results of the current research. The results of the current research indicated that middle school students are not characterized by personal identity gaps. There is no difference in personal identity gaps according to the variables of gender (male-female) and specialization (scientific or literary) . The research resulted in a set of recommendations and suggestions for future studies.

احكام المسؤولية المدنية الناشئة عن الضرر المتغيير بسبب الضرر الجسدي

زينه سليم محمد — 2025-09-15

دلالة مفهوم النص عند الأصوليين مفهوم العدد أنموذجاً ((دراسة مقارنة بالقانون العراقي))

شذى مظفر حسين — 2025-09-15

This research presents a comparative study between Islamic jurisprudence and Iraqi law regarding the concept of numerical indication and its implications in texts. It focuses on analyzing how legal and Shari’a rulings are derived from texts containing numbers, and it highlights the points of similarity and difference between the two approaches. The research is divided into three sections. It concludes that Islamic jurisprudence is characterized by flexibility in interpreting numbers based on the objectives of Shari’a, whereas Iraqi law tends to adopt strictness to avoid ambiguity in legal texts.

التلوث البصري في مدينة الناصرية

تيسير علي عبد الواحد ضيف الله — 2025-09-15

Visual pollution within urban areas is considered one of the primary obstacles affecting the process of urban development. Studying these pollutants, along with identifying their causes and manifestations, has become essential in order to arrive at effective solutions that mitigate their health and psychological impacts on residents. The main objective of this research is to uncover the causes and forms of visual pollution in the study area. The findings highlight the most significant manifestations of visual pollution in the city of Nasiriyah, which result from traffic congestion, informal housing, solid waste, and buildings under construction. The research addresses visual pollution, its underlying causes, and its observable forms, while also presenting conclusions and recommendations.

المرأة العراقية بين التعليم والسياسة في العهد الملكي (1921-1958) (دراسة تاريخية)

بنين عوده عبد عطية — 2025-09-15

The research aims to shed light on the transformations that Iraqi women witnessed during the royal era (1021-1958 AD), by focusing on two main axes: education and political participation. The research begins by reviewing the status of women during the Ottoman era. Women suffered from social and cultural marginalization, as their role was limited to family life and work within the home only, and they were deprived of education and political participation. However, during the royal era, the status of Iraqi women changed completely through the emergence of official and popular efforts to educate girls, especially in major cities, and the emergence of feminist voices through the press, which played a major role in supporting and backing Iraqi women and their rights in life, equal to men. Several feminist associations also emerged that defended women’s social and cultural issues, and this played a major role in developing awareness among Iraqi women of their rights and position in society. This research also addressed the growth of political awareness among Iraqi women, as they began to participate in public activities such as demonstrations, protests, and sit-ins, such as their participation in the January Uprising (1948 AD) and the uprising of 1952 AD. This participation was not random, but rather came as a result of an intellectual and cultural accumulation contributed to by schools, feminist journalism, and also associations founded by Iraqi women.

الجغرافيا الاجتماعية للملاعب الرياضية: كيف تعيد الرياضة تشكيل الفضاءات الحضرية والسلوك الاجتماعي (ملعب جذع النخلة نموذجاً)

حلا راوي سلطان — 2025-09-15

This study aims to examine the role of sports stadiums as active agents in urban and social transformations, focusing on the Palm Trunk International Stadium in Basra as a field case. The study included a conceptual framework that addressed the concepts of social geography, urban space, sports space, and the relationship between sports and social transformations in cities. It also examined the role of stadiums in urban planning and spatial distribution, and their impact on urban, economic, and social development. The study relied on a descriptive-analytical approach supported by fieldwork through direct visits to the stadium and its surrounding areas, and interviews with local residents, visitors, and fans. The results showed that the Palm Trunk International Stadium played a pivotal role in reshaping the land use in its vicinity, transforming the area from agricultural and abandoned lands into an integrated sports city with advanced infrastructure and service and tourism facilities. The study also demonstrated that major sporting events hosted by the stadium, such as the 25th Arabian Gulf Cup, contributed to strengthening national identity and collective belonging, as well as stimulating economic activity and revitalizing local tourism. The research concludes that sports stadiums are not just sports facilities; they are urban, cultural, and social spaces that can contribute to improving the quality of life if properly planned and integrated into the city's urban fabric. The research recommends the development of urban strategies that ensure a balance between the environmental and development dimensions when constructing or developing these facilities.

الذكاء الاصطناعي في تعليم الفيزياء الحديثة للمرحلة الثانوية فرص للتطوير وتحديات للتنفيذ

ولاء عبدالرزاق علي — 2025-09-15

This study focuses on developing and implementation artificial intelligence – based physics teaching strategies for secondary school female students, many educational institutions have adopted artificial intelligence tools thanks to rapid developments in this field. Teachers can save time and effort in improving student learning outcomes by using artificial intelligence – based solutions in classroom, making the educational process more interactive & easier. The study aimed to determin the extent to which physics teachers in Diyala Governorate, Baqubah District, use artificial intelligence application's in teaching physics at the secondary level, as villas the role of academic qualificatious in teachers willingness to use artificial intelligenic in teaching, and the obstacles they face. The questionnaire was used, and the study reached aset of results, the most important of which are: physics teachers in teaching physics at the secondary level in employ artificial intelligence applications Baqubah city at a moderate level. The study also found statistically significant difference in the academic qualification variable in favor of those with higher degress. it also showed that most of the obstacles to employing artificial intelligence applicatious in teaching physics at the secondary level are common in Baqubah schools. These include alack of experience in inversting in artificial intelligence in teaching, alack of training program's and courses in this field, and alack of motivation and financial support for teachers to encourage them to use these applications in teaching physics.

هيئات الأمم المتحدة الاشرافية المشاءة بموجب المواثيق الدولية لحقوق الانسان العام 1966

وجدان رحم خضير — 2025-09-15

This body is considered a relatively recent institution, established in 2006 to assume all duties and responsibilities previously assigned to the Human Rights Commission. It is tasked with improving and streamlining its functions to strengthen the system of special procedures, provide expert oversee complaint mechanisms and provide expert advice. As for the Human Rights Committee, it was established later pursuant to Article 28 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, by a resolution of the Economic and Social Council on 16 February 1946, and its formation was completed on 21 June of the same year.

هيئات الرقابة المنشأة بموجب اتفاقيات الامم المتحدة الدولية

وجدان رحم خضير — 2025-09-15

Considering that the right to equality is the moral safeguard for ensuring other rights without discrimination, regardless of its basis or form, many international instruments have focused on combating discrimination in all its forms through monitoring bodies established under United Nations international conventions

الوظيفة الإعلامية في نظرية ياكبسون: تقاطعات اللغة الأدبية والخطاب الصحفي في ضوء الدارة التواصليّة

هيثم قاسم عواركه — 2025-09-15

This study investigates the media function in light of Roman Jakobson’s linguistic theory, applying a stylistic-comparative method to journalistic texts from Lebanese, Arab, and global sources. It demonstrates how communicative functions intersect in shaping the media message within a dynamic transmission model.

الأبعاد الجمالية في تصميم ملصقات بوسترات يوم الغدير

جابر كاظم محمد الطائي — 2025-09-15

The research focuses on analyzing the artistic and design elements that reflect the cultural and religious values associated with this day. It addresses several main themes: Visual Dimensions: It addresses the use of colors, shapes, and lines, and how they influence the audience's emotions and impressions. It also discusses the importance of balance and harmony in design. Symbolism: It reviews the symbols used in posters, such as flags, logos, and writing, and how they reflect cultural and religious identity. Modern Technologies: It examines how modern technology, such as graphic design software, is used in poster design and its impact on the quality of the final work. Audience Interaction: It discusses how to attract the audience's attention and arouse their emotions through good design, and the role of posters in promoting religious awareness and community celebrations. Case Study: The research includes an analysis of a selection of posters used in celebrations, providing aesthetic and detailed evaluations of each poster. The research concludes that good aesthetic design for Ghadeer Day posters plays a vital role in promoting understanding and celebration of culture and religion, and enhances community connection to its heritage. The study also recommends developing designers' skills in this field to leverage aesthetic dimensions in expressing values and beliefs.

الإستراتيجية الإيرانية تجاه العراق بعد عام 2003

حسين مجيد عبد علي — 2025-09-15

can be said that Iran seeks to become a dominant regional power. As long as Iran has had its own regional project, particularly in Iraq, it has deemed the only way to achieve this goal to be through supporting federalism in Iraq after 2003, by supporting parties loyal to it in Iraq. Iranian Foreign Minister Manouchehr Mottaki stated that Iran would prefer to create a federal state in Iraq and not use Iraq as a base for an attack on Iran by the US military presence. However, it quickly realized that dividing Iraq could harm it, as the establishment of a Kurdish state in northern Iraq could increase separatist sentiment among Iranian Kurds, who represent 10% of Iran's population. Therefore, it declared its rejection of dividing Iraq and instead favored the establishment of a weak Iraqi confederation based on religious and ethnic foundations, with Iran dominating southern Iraq. This is what Tehran has done through its strategy toward Iraq and its political and economic dominance of it through parties loyal to it.

ابن تيمية وحديث الغدير في منهج أهل السنة

باسم محمد عبد الرضا — 2025-09-15

This study examines Ibn Taymiyyah’s stance on Hadith al-Ghadir within the framework of Ahl al-Sunnah’s methodology in dealing with prophetic traditions related to Imamate and Caliphate. The research focuses on analyzing Ibn Taymiyyah’s critical perspective on the hadith and his interpretation of it within the theological dispute between Sunnis and Shiites. The study reviews the chains of narration of Hadith al-Ghadir and analyzes Sunni hadith scholars’ opinions on its authenticity. It then explores Ibn Taymiyyah’s interpretations, where he argued that the hadith does not indicate Imamate but rather love and support. The research examines Ibn Taymiyyah’s methodology in critiquing narrations and explains how he used the historical and political context to interpret the hadith away from its Imamic implications. The study compares Ibn Taymiyyah’s interpretation with other Sunni scholars' views and discusses Shiite scholars’ responses to his stance, assessing the strength of their arguments against his interpretation. It also examines the impact of Ibn Taymiyyah’s view on Sunni thought regarding Imamate and its relation to his general approach in rejecting interpretations that support the theory of divine designation in leadership. If Hadith al-Ghadir carries clear implications for Shiites, why did Ibn Taymiyyah adopt a different interpretation, and how has this influenced the Sunni perspective on Imamate?

منهج أهل البيت (ع) في تفسير القرآن الكريم: قراءة في الروايات التفسيرية

حسين مناحي زاده — 2025-09-15

This research aims to study the role of the Ahl al-Bayt (AS) in interpreting the Quran by analyzing the interpretive narrations attributed to them, in order to understand their methodology in interpreting the Quranic text and derive its scientific and practical dimensions. The research relies on studying Shiite sources of interpretive narrations, such as books of Hadith and Tafsir, and analyzing the types of these narrations (direct, indicative, and applicative), with a focus on critiquing them according to precise scientific criteria. The research also examines the interpretive applications of the Ahl al-Bayt (AS) in the fields of creed, rulings, stories, and ethics, aiming to highlight their role in clarifying the meanings of the Quran and guiding its understanding. The research shows that the narrations of the Ahl al-Bayt (AS) form an important foundation for the Shiite interpretive school and significantly influence jurisprudence and creed. Additionally, the research discusses the challenges of relying on these narrations, such as issues related to their chains of transmission and content, and provides a critical perspective to evaluate the interpretive methodology of the Ahl al-Bayt (AS). Through this research, it becomes clear that the narrations of the Ahl al-Bayt (AS) serve as a bridge between the Quranic text and a deeper understanding of its meanings, reinforcing their position as a scientific and religious authority.

التحليل المقارن لاستراتيجيات إدارة الأمراض الانتقالية: التشخيص السريع، الوقاية المجتمعية، والحد من انتشارها في البلدان النامية (العراق أنموذجاً) 2018 – 2024

فراس كريم الكلابي — 2025-09-15

الخلفية: تُشكل الأمراض الانتقالية تحدياً رئيسياً للأمن الصحي العالمي، لا سيما في الدول النامية حيث تتفاقم أعباؤها بسبب ضعف البنى التحتية الصحية، وعدم الاستقرار الاجتماعي والاقتصادي. يواجه العراق، على وجه الخصوص، تحديات مضاعفة نتيجة عقود من النزاعات التي أدت إلى تدهور قدرات الترصد الوبائي وأنظمة الرعاية الصحية الأولية. إن تزامن تفشي أوبئة عالمية مثل كوفيد-19 مع استمرار تفشي أمراض متوطنة كالكوليرا والحمى النزفية والليشمانيا، يكشف عن وجود فجوات استراتيجية عميقة في منظومة الصحة العامة العراقية، ويبرز الحاجة الماسة لتقييم شامل لاستراتيجيات إدارتها. هدف الدراسة: يهدف هذا البحث إلى إجراء تحليل مقارن منهجي لتقييم فعالية استراتيجيات إدارة الأمراض الانتقالية في العراق خلال الفترة (2018-2024)، وذلك عبر مقارنتها بتجارب أربع دول نامية أخرى (فيتنام، رواندا، بنغلاديش، وأوغندا). يركز التحليل على ثلاثة محاور رئيسية: (1) التشخيص السريع والترصد الوبائي، (2) الوقاية المجتمعية، (3) استراتيجيات الحد من الانتشار والسيطرة، بهدف استخلاص الدروس المستفادة وتقديم توصيات عملية وقائمة على الأدلة. المنهجية: اتبع البحث منهجية دراسة الحالة المقارنة، مستنداً إلى تحليل وصفي ونوعي للبيانات الثانوية المتاحة للجمهور. تم جمع البيانات من مصادر دولية موثوقة، بما في ذلك قواعد بيانات منظمة الصحة العالمية (WHO)، البنك الدولي (World Bank)، الدراسات الأكاديمية المحكّمة المنشورة في قواعد بيانات مثل PubMed وScopus، والتقارير الحكومية الرسمية. شمل التحليل أمراضاً فيروسية (كوفيد-19، الحمى النزفية)، بكتيرية (الكوليرا، التيفوئيد)، وطفيلية (الملاريا، الليشمانيا)، مع تقييم مقارن للمؤشرات الإحصائية الرئيسية المتعلقة بالتشخيص، الوقاية، والسيطرة. النتائج: أظهرت النتائج تفاوتًا واضحًا في كفاءة الاستجابة والوقاية المجتمعية للأمراض الانتقالية، حيث سجلت رواندا أسرع زمن استجابة (24 ± 4 ساعة) وتغطية تشخيص سريع عالية (85 ± 5%) مقابل العراق (72 ± 12 ساعة، 38 ± 8%)، مع دلالة إحصائية قوية (p < 0.001). كما ارتفعت معدلات الإصابة السنوية في العراق من 176 إلى 217 حالة لكل 100,000 نسمة بين 2018–2023، مقابل انخفاض مستمر في رواندا وبنغلاديش وأوغندا (p < 0.01). وأظهرت الفروقات الوبائية والتفشي النوعي للأمراض الفيروسية، البكتيرية، والطفيليات فجوات كبيرة في العراق (+359%، +332%، +717% مقارنة برواندا، p < 0.001). وكان نجاح الاستراتيجيات الصحية مرتبطًا بالإنفاق الصحي الحكومي، وجود نظام منظّم للعاملين الصحيين المجتمعيين، وفاعلية الحكومة، وهو ما يفسر الأداء المتميز لرواندا وفيتنام. وتعكس هذه النتائج الحاجة لتعزيز الوقاية، تطوير البنية التحتية الصحية، وتقوية الإدارة الحكومية للسيطرة الفعّالة على الأمراض الانتقالية في العراق. الاستنتاج والأهمية: تستنتج الدراسة أن فعالية إدارة الأمراض الانتقالية لا تعتمد على القدرات العلاجية داخل المستشفيات فحسب، بل تتوقف بشكل حاسم على قوة حلقة الصحة المجتمعية والوقائية. إن الفجوة الرئيسية في استراتيجية العراق تكمن في غياب آلية منظمة للوصول إلى المجتمع، وبناء الثقة، وتطبيق التشخيص والوقاية عند نقطة الرعاية. وعليه، توصي الدراسة بضرورة إحداث تحول نموذجي في السياسة الصحية العراقية، يرتكز على إطلاق برنامج وطني للمرشدين الصحيين المجتمعيين، وتعميم استخدام أدوات التشخيص السريع، وتوجيه الاستثمار نحو الرعاية الصحية الأولية. تكمن أهمية هذا البحث في تقديمه خارطة طريق عملية ومبنية على الأدلة لصناع القرار في العراق، تهدف إلى بناء نظام صحي مرن ومستدام قادر على مواجهة التحديات الصحية الحالية والمستقبلية.

فقه المرأة في النوازل الطبية

قيس ناظم جيجان — 2025-09-15

The research titled "Women's Jurisprudence in Medical Innovations" explores the Islamic legal rulings on emerging medical issues specific to women, such as artificial insemination, organ transplantation, stem cell therapy, cosmetic surgeries, and abortion. The study aims to clarify the Islamic stance on these matters while highlighting the flexibility of Islamic law in adapting to modern medical advancements. It employs the inductive method to gather religious texts, the analytical method to derive rulings, and the comparative method to analyze the opinions of seven Islamic schools of thought. The research emphasizes women's medical rights, confidentiality of health information, and the balance between science and Islamic law. The study concludes that Islamic jurisprudence effectively addresses scientific advancements while safeguarding women's dignity and ensuring justice.

Patriotic Poetry and Social Engagement: A Cross-Cultural Study of Jessie Pope’s “Who’s for the Game?” and Lami'a Abbas Amara’s “Baghdad, You Are”

Shubbar Abdul Adil Mousa — 2025-09-15

This detailed investigation combines a study of patriotic poetry with social engagement by comparing Jessie Pope's "Who's For The Game?" and Lami'a Abbas Amara's "Baghdad, You Are." and Lami'a Abbas Amara's "Baghdad, You Are." Through their separate cultural origins these poems establish separate perspectives about nationalism together with societal war consequences. Jessie Pope releases "Who's For The Game?" During World War I this poem showcases propaganda ideals through nationalistic messaging which simplicity and persuasive techniques create enthusiasm for national warfare. Through "Baghdad, You Are" Lami'a Abbas Amara depicts Baghdad as an emotional symbol which represents both cultural identity and its spiritual essentiality. The study examines these poetic works through cultural perspectives to analyze their role in mirroring society yet reveals how poetry enables opinion formation and prompts nationalism while analyzing patriotism's societal norms regarding warfare. An investigation into sacrifice alongside duty identity and loss across these literary pieces seeks to establish poetry's capabilities as a cultural fulfillment tool for social public commentary.

Structures of Power and Modes of Resistance: A Neoliberal Critique in Margaret Atwood’s The Handmaid’s Tale”

Saàd Laftah Shamkhy Jabur — 2025-09-15

This study examines how Margaret Atwood's The Handmaid's Tale enlightens us on the interaction between neoliberal policies and authoritarian regimes. In the fictional Gilead society, women lose all their rights and become nothing but tools for reproduction under the cover of a political and religious system. The ruling power relies on the use of fear, constant surveillance, and strict social roles to create order and repress opposition. In this research, Michel Foucault's theory on surveillance, especially the panopticon, Judith Butler's view of gender as performance, and Naomi Klein's view that crises are exploited to usher in harsh policies are used to examine the way Gilead exercises control through identity construction and manipulation of disordered circumstances. The novel also addresses the commodification of fertility and the use of language and religion as instruments of power. Despite the violence of this regime, there are also processes of resistance that are forged experienced through memory, narrative, and passive insubordination. Therefore, Atwood's novel is a warning of the threats posed by unchecked power and the pernicious aspects built into neoliberal logic, even as it suggests that gestures of resistance and humanity are still possible.

The Art of Selling Beauty: Analyzing Persuasive Strategies and Speech Acts in Social Media Cosmetics Advertising

Israa Talib Saad — 2025-09-15

Advertising represents the principle of persuasion across various contexts, with its primary aim being to attract consumers' interest in specific products or services and ultimately prompt them to make a purchase. To achieve this, advertisers skillfully employ language to engage consumers, often appealing to their desires, emotions, and needs. This study investigates the persuasive strategies and speech acts used in cosmetics advertisements targeting (young) women, particularly on social media platforms: Instagram and Facebook. By analyzing advertisements from well-known brands like Nawras Sattar, Vivian Cream, Huda Beauty, and VË, the research explores how persuasion is constructed through rhetorical strategies—namely ethos, pathos, and logos—to influence consumer’s behavior. Additionally, the study identifies and analyzes various speech acts—assertive, directive, expressive, and commissive—to examine how language functions not only to inform but also to influence and motivate consumers.

The research is organized into three sections. The first section emphasizes the significance of persuasive language in cosmetics advertising and outlines the research questions, objectives, hypotheses, and methodology. The second section presents a brief literature review covering the concepts of persuasion, persuasive strategies, advertisements, pragmatics, and speech act theory. The third section offers a practical analysis of selected social media advertisements based on Lucas’s (2009) model of rhetorical strategies and Searle’s (1969) classification of speech acts, illustrating how influencers and brands employ persuasive appeals and speech acts to promote their products. The findings underscore the substantial impact of social media advertising on consumer’s behavior and highlight the importance of strategic communication in digital marketing. Ultimately, the study demonstrates the effectiveness of persuasive language in online advertising and its pivotal role in shaping consumer decisions.

A study of the vocabulary and topics of the environment and pollution subject in school curricula and the College of Pharmacy in Iraq

Nada Allawi Fadhil — 2025-09-15

Iraq is one of the countries affected by climate change, which can be combated by enhancing environmental awareness among citizens and school students. On the other hand, since expired and unused medicines have a negative impact on the environment, raising awareness among pharmacy professionals and including environmental curricula in Pharmacy colleges is very important. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the curricula of the primary and secondary levels in terms of whether they include the subject of environment and pollution, and the curricula of the College of Pharmacy, University of Babylon in terms of whether they include the subject of environment. Science and social studies (for primary stages, from year 1 to 6), chemistry, physics, biology and social studies (for intermediate stages from year 7 to 9), and chemistry, physics and biology (for preparatory stages from year 10 to 12) were chosen, in addition to the Islamic subject, since some Islamic legislations urge the preservation of natural resources and not to waste them. Also, only scientific specialization was relied upon in the preparatory stage (year 11). Pharmacists for Bachelor stages from years 1 to 5 were chosen. The results indicate that the second grade of primary school does not include any curricula related to the environment. As for the first, third and fourth years, there are some topics in the science subject and the science and social studies subject. As for the Islamic subject, there may be a concept related to agriculture and one of the goals of sustainable development in the year 6 of primary school. As for the intermediate stage, year 9 does not have any topics related to the environment and pollution. The first intermediate (year 7) has concepts in biology and social studies, while the second intermediate (year 8) has more extensive or in-depth topics in this field. As for chemistry and physics, there is nothing related to that. The years 11 and 12 do not have topics related to that, while the year 10 is biology only and includes those topics in detail. As for chemistry, physics and Islamic studies, they do not include any of these concepts in the preparatory stage. In terms of College of Pharmacy, Bachelor's stages do not contain the subject of the environment/ecology. In conclusion, an appropriate curriculum will contribute to building students' more sustainable performance and a complete sympathy for the sustainable development in their regions.

Investigation of the English Language in the College of Sciences curricula, Iraq

Shahlaa kh. Chabuk — 2025-09-15

Iraq is one of the countries that applies the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), which can be achieved by promoting the English language among college students. The academic curriculum aims to prepare Iraqi youth to achieve high standards and a rigorous core academic curriculum. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the curricula of the College of Sciences for Women, University of Babylon, Babylon, Iraq, in terms of whether they include the subject of English language or not. Biological Science for Bachelor stages from year 1 to 4 was chosen. In addition, the topics related to the SDGs were also searched by investigating the contents of the English language subject to see if they cover sustainable development. The results indicate that the first and third stages of the Bachelor's stages do not contain the subject of the English language. In addition, the topics related to the SDGs in the contents of the English language subject (years 2 and 4) do not cover sustainable development. The developed curriculum should highlight the English language subject. It is best to study sustainable development through an education curriculum at various levels of education, including Biological Science in a Bachelor's degree. An appropriate curriculum will contribute to building students' more sustainable performance and a complete sympathetic of the sustainable development in their regions.