التحولات السياسية الألمانية (1938 – 1942)

Abstract

Political conditions affect the orientations of countries and their internal and external policies and determine the nature of their behaviour, abuses, current and future orientations, and the political situations witnessed by Germany since its unity in 1871 and its entry into a conflict with colonial countries such as Britain, France and Russia, and sometimes its superiority over them internally, reflected on the colonial character, which aroused the violation of European countries, but the outbreak of the First World War 1914-1918 reflected negatively on its internal and foreign policy, as Germany retreated as a result of its defeat and because of the outputs of the war and the subsequent injustice against Germany, represented by the terms of the Treaty of Versailles, and since the European events that followed Versailles, took another grants after the Nazi party took power in 1933 and the link between the events of Germany With its expansionist orientations and ideological vision, so Germany's policy towards Europe until 1943) to highlight the political and military factors and reasons that prompted Hitler and his expansionist policy, as the political situation in Germany was growing until Hitler took power because of Germany's location for Europe. After that, the Treaty of Versailles in 1919 had a role in Nazi power in 1933 and the impact of this treaty on the map of European politics, as it led to German expansion in Europe, which prompted Hitler to expand in Austria to compete with the countries of Europe, France, Italy and Britain and provoked their reserves in 1938 through the occupation of Germany. Anti-government movements in Slovakia, so he asked the Prime Minister of Slovakia on March 13 of the same year to declare the independence of Slovakia. Joseph Tesoa (Prime Minister) declared before the parliament the independence of Slovakia on March 14, 1939. In return, Hitler called the Prime Minister of the Prague government on the same day and presented him with a proposal to either Germany invades Prague or recognize the status of Czechoslovakia under German protection. According to this agreement, Germany became protected by Bohemia and Moravia. Then the German forces crossed Czechoslovakia and declared that they were two German colonies and took German protectorates from Hungary and Ruthenia. Then the German forces entered Slovakia on March 16 of the same year, thus placing these colonies under German protection completely in 23 In March 1939, when Hitler applied what he said in the (vital field), he did not find land for the Germans, as he was looking for the land for German expansion. This prompted him to occupy Poland, which was the direct cause of World War II, as Germany considered it its vital field. This is what Britain refused to maintain the European balance.