Seasonal Variation of Salinity in Al-Ashar and Al-Qurna Stations of Shatt al-Arab River, Basrah city /Southern Iraq

Abstract

Salinity is one of the important environmental factor that  expresses as the sum of the concentrations of positive and negative ions and dissolved salts in water, it   has effects on the quality of water  .  This study examines the seasonal variation (2021-2022 ) of salinity in Al-Ashar and Al-Qurna stations within Al-Basrah city,. The salinity values ranged from 34932-35012 g/l at Al-Ashar station ,  While  at the Al-Qurna station , Low salinity values were recorded ,ranging  to 30668 – 35040 g/l.  This study observes an increase in salinity during the summer season and a decrease during the winter at both research stations.     There are no discernible differences between salinity values recorded during the day and night at both stations, however, Al-Ashar station consistently records higher percentages than Al-Qurna station.